Bangladesh teenage spinner Mehedi Hasan halted England's progress in Chittagong by taking five wickets on day one of the first Test.
The 18-year-old, who was making his Test debut, was responsible for the dismissals of Ben Duckett (14), Joe Root (40), Gary Ballance (1), Moeen Ali (68) and Jonny Bairstow (52).
Alastair Cook's record 134th Test cap will not be a memorable one for the captain as he managed just four runs off 26 balls before he was sent back to the pavilion by Shakib Al Hasan.
After returning from lunch on 81-3, England lost two further wickets, but Ali's knock helped the tourists pull back some control of the contest.
The 29-year-old was one of just two England batsmen to claim half-centuries, the other being Bairstow, who hit 52 runs off 126 balls.
Chris Woakes and Adil Rashid, who are unbeaten on 36 and five runs respectively, took England to 258-7 at stumps.
